European Black Elder
Sambucus nigra
shrubA vigorous deciduous shrub or small tree producing fragrant, creamy white flower clusters in early summer followed by dark purple to black berries used in jams, cordials, and traditional remedies. Fast-growing and naturalistic, ideal for wildlife gardens and hedgerows. Berries attract birds and beneficial insects.
Common Problems
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Care Guide
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Light
Full sun to partial shade; at least 3-4 hours of direct sunlight daily for best fruiting and berry production
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Water
Keep soil consistently moist, especially during growth and fruiting; tolerates wet soils and can grow near water
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Soil
Well-draining to moist, fertile soil; adaptable to poor, clay, and acidic soils; prefers rich, humus-filled soils
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Fertiliser
Apply balanced fertilizer in early spring; benefits from mulching with compost to maintain soil fertility
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Temperature
Very hardy in cold climates; adapts well to cool to warm regions
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Humidity
Prefers moderate to high humidity; performs well in moist environments and wet sites
Toxicity
check_circleSafe for Catscheck_circleSafe for Dogscheck_circleSafe for Children
Berries are edible when cooked; raw berries may cause digestive upset; leaves and stems contain cyanogenic compounds
Common Diseases
Common Pests
Seasonal Care
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Resume regular watering and feeding as growth picks up.
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Peak growing season. Water and feed regularly.
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Reduce watering as growth slows. Stop heavy feeding.
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Minimal watering and feeding. Protect from frost if needed.