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European Black Elder

Sambucus nigra

shrub

A vigorous deciduous shrub or small tree producing fragrant, creamy white flower clusters in early summer followed by dark purple to black berries used in jams, cordials, and traditional remedies. Fast-growing and naturalistic, ideal for wildlife gardens and hedgerows. Berries attract birds and beneficial insects.

European Black Elder

Common Problems

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Care Guide

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Light
Full sun to partial shade; at least 3-4 hours of direct sunlight daily for best fruiting and berry production
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Water
Keep soil consistently moist, especially during growth and fruiting; tolerates wet soils and can grow near water
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Soil
Well-draining to moist, fertile soil; adaptable to poor, clay, and acidic soils; prefers rich, humus-filled soils
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Fertiliser
Apply balanced fertilizer in early spring; benefits from mulching with compost to maintain soil fertility
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Temperature
Very hardy in cold climates; adapts well to cool to warm regions
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Humidity
Prefers moderate to high humidity; performs well in moist environments and wet sites

Toxicity

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Berries are edible when cooked; raw berries may cause digestive upset; leaves and stems contain cyanogenic compounds

Common Diseases

Common Pests

Seasonal Care

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Resume regular watering and feeding as growth picks up.

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Peak growing season. Water and feed regularly.

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Reduce watering as growth slows. Stop heavy feeding.

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Minimal watering and feeding. Protect from frost if needed.

European Black Elder Care Guide — Sambucus nigra | GreenScout