Growing from seed is one of the most satisfying things in gardening. Seeds are inexpensive, offer far more variety than nursery-bought plants, and give you full control over the growing process from the very beginning.
What You Need
Sowing Technique
Temperature
Most seeds germinate best at 18–22°C. A propagator with heat mat speeds things up for tomatoes, peppers, and other heat-lovers.
Pricking Out
When seedlings develop their first true leaves (the second pair), transplant them into individual pots. Handle them only by a leaf — never the stem.
Hardening Off
Before planting outside, acclimatise seedlings gradually over 7–10 days — an hour outside on day one, building to full days by the end.
Common Problems
Damping off — stems collapse at soil level. Caused by fungal disease from overcrowding and poor air circulation. Sow thinly, avoid overwatering.
Leggy seedlings — not enough light. Move to a brighter spot or add a grow light.
